HTML tutorial basics
HTML TUTORIAL BY RITESH
INTRODUCTION TO HTML LANGUAGE
HTML(HyperText Markup Language) is a type of language used for developing websites, webpages, web applications etc. It has also included CSS(Cascading Style Sheets), JavaScript, VBS Script etc. The browsers recieves html codes from the webservers, websites or from local storage. And then convert html codes into multimedia webpages. HTML was firstly introduced by Berners-Lee. This code was written by using tags and elements such as:
In 1980, physicist Tim Berners-Lee, a contractor at CERN, proposed and prototyped ENQUIRE, a system for CERN researchers to use and share documents. In 1989, Berners-Lee wrote a memo proposing an Internet -basedhypertext system. Berners-Lee specified HTML and wrote the browser and server software in late 1990. That year, Berners-Lee and CERN data systems engineer Robert Cailliau collaborated on a joint request for funding, but the project was not formally adopted by CERN. In his personal notes from 1990 he listed "some of the many areas in which hypertext is used" and put an encyclopedia first. The first publicly available description of HTML was a document called "HTML Tags", first mentioned on the Internet by Tim Berners-Lee in late 1991. It describes 18 elements comprising the initial, relatively simple design of HTML.
Except for the hyperlink tag, these were strongly influenced by SGMLguid, an in-house Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML)-based documentation format at CERN. Eleven of these elements still exist in HTML 4.
HTML is a markup language that web browsers use to interpret and compose text, images, and other material into visual or audible web pages. Default characteristics for every item of HTML markup are defined in the browser, and these characteristics can be altered or enhanced by the web page designer's additional use of CSS. Many of the text elements are found in the 1988 ISO technical report TR 9537 Techniques for using SGML, which in turn covers the features of early text formatting languages such as that used by theRUNOFF command developed in the early 1960s for the CTSS (Compatible Time-Sharing System) operating system: these formatting commands were derived from the commands used by typesetters to manually format documents. However, the SGML concept of generalized markup is based on elements (nested annotated ranges with attributes) rather than merely print effects, with also the separation of structure and markup; HTML has been progressively moved in this direction with CSS. Berners-Lee considered HTML to be an application of SGML.
It was formally defined as such by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) with the mid-1993 publication of the first proposal for an HTML specification, the "Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)" Internet Draft by Berners-Lee and Dan Connolly, which included an SGML Document type definition to define the grammar.
The draft expired after six months, but was notable for its acknowledgment of the NCSA Mosaic browser's custom tag for embedding in-line images, reflecting the IETF's philosophy of basing standards on successful prototypes. Similarly, Dave Raggett 's competing Internet-Draft, "HTML+ (Hypertext Markup Format)", from late 1993, suggested standardizing already-implemented features like tables and fill-out forms. (Source Wikipedia).
All the list and meaning of 128 HTML tags
A - Anchor ABBR - Abbreviation ACRONYM - Acronym ADDRESS - Address APPLET - Specifies an applet AREA - Image map region ARTICLE - Used in a blog post, forum post, newspaper article etc ASIDE - Used to specify a section of a page aside from the related section AUDIO - Used to set audio in web pages
B
B - Bold text BASE - Document base URI BASEFONT - Document base URI BDO - BiDi override BDI - Bi-directional isolation BGSOUND - Document base URI BIG - Large text BLINK - Blinks the text BLOCKQUOTE - Block quotation BODY - Document body BR - Line break BUTTON - Button
C
CANVAS - Document base URI CAPTION - Used for creating a caption for a table CENTRE - Used for centering the content enclosed with this tag CITE - Citation CODE - Computer code COL - Table column COLGROUP - Table column group COMMENT - Comment tag
D
DATALIST - Specifies set of options for element DD - Definition description DEL - Deleted text DFN - Defined term DIALOG - Dialog tag DIR - Dir tag DIV - Generic block-level container DL - Definition list DT - Definition term
E
EM - Emphasis EMBED - Embeding tag
F
FIELDSET - Form control group FIGCAPTION - Figure caption FIGURE - Setting a figure FONT - Words FOOTER - Specifies a footer FORM - Interactive form FRAME - Used to make a frame FRAMESET - Used to divide the window into frames G
H
to
level headings
HEAD - Document head HEADER - Specifies a header for a document or section HR - Horizontal rule HTML - HTML document
I
I - Italic text IFRAME - Inline frame ILAYER - Used to create layer IMG - Inline image INPUT - Form input INS - Inserted text ISINDEX - Used for querying a document through a text field
J
K
KBD - Text to be input KEYGEN - Used to process Web forms
L
LABEL - Form field label LAYER - Used for making layer LEGEND - Fieldset caption LI - List item LINK - Document relationship
M
MAIN - Specifies main or important content in the document MAP - Image map MARK - Used for marking alphabets, words or sentence MARQUEE - Use for moving text MENU - Used for creating a menu list MENUITEM - Used for setting menu items for a menu META - Metadata METER - Used for making meter MULTICOL - Used for creating Multiple Columns
N
NAV - Navigation links NOBR - Used to instruct the browser not to break the specified text NOEMBED - Used to handle browsers which do not support the NOFRAMES - Used to handle the browsers which do not support tag NOSCRIPT - Alternate script content
O
OBJECT - Object OL - Ordered list OPTGROUP - Option group OPTION - Menu option OUTPUT - Specifies the result of a calculation P
P - Paragraph PARAM - Object parameter PLAINTEXT - Used to write all text in the document exactly as it was typed PRE - Preformatted text PROGRESS - Specifies a completion progress of a task
Q
Q - Short quotation
R
RP - Specifies to show browsers that do not support the ruby annotations RT - Used for pronunciation of character in ruby annotations RUBY - Specifies ruby annotations
S
SAMP - Sample output SCRIPT - Client-side script SECTION - Specifies a section in a document SELECT - Option selector SMALL - Small text SOURCE - Specifies source SPACER - Specifies a space SPAN - Generic inline container STRIKE - Specifies a strike STRONG - Strong emphasis STYLE - Embedded style sheet SUB - Subscript SUMMARY - Specifies a summary, lefend or caption SUP - Superscript SVG - Scalable Vector Graphics
T
TABLE - Table TBODY - Table body TD - Table data cell TEXTAREA - Multi-line text input TFOOT - Table foot TH - Table header cell THEAD - Table head TIME - Used for displaying the date and time TITLE - Document title TR - Table row TRACK - Used for defining captions, subtitles, and other content for TT - Teletype text
U
U - Underline UL - Unordered list
V
VAR - Variable VIDEO - A tag to set up video
W
WBR - Word break opportunity
X
XMP - Used to write all text in the document exactly as it was typed
Y
Z
A
A tag
The A element denotes an anchor tag a hypertext link or the destination of a link. The HREF attribute specifies a hypertext link to another resource, such as an HTML document or a JPEG image.Example
Abbr tag
The ABBR element is used to markup abbreviations. The TITLE attribute is useful in conjunction with ABBR to give the long form of the abbreviation, allowing visual browsers to provide the long form as a "tooltip". If the short form is a pronounceable word, the ACRONYM element should be used instead of ABBR.
ACRONYM tag
The ACRONYM element is used to markup acronyms. The TITLE attribute is useful in conjunction with ACRONYM to give the long form of the acronym, allowing visual browsers to provide the long form as a "tooltip". Examples:
Ex.:
ADDRESS TAG
The ADDRESS element provides contact information for a document or part of a document. Information provided by ADDRESS may include the names of the document's maintainers, links to the maintainers' Web pages, e-mail addresses for feedback, postal addresses, phone numbers, and so on. ADDRESS tag italics the text.
Ex.:
AREA TAG
The HTML tag is used for defining an area in an image map. Ex.:APPLET TAG
The HTML Ex.:ARTICLE TAG
The HTML tag is used in a blog post, forum post, newspaper article etc. It specifies self-contained composition in a site, document, page or application. ASIDE TAG
The HTML AUDIO TAG
The HTML B
B TAG
The HTML tag specifies bold text. BASE TAG
The HTML tag is used to specify a base URI, or URL, for relative links. For example, you can set the base URL once at the top of your page in header section, then all subsequent relative links will use that URL as a starting point. BASEFONT TAG
The HTML tag is used to specify a base font for the document to use. This base font is applied to complete document. This tag is depreciated now. BDO TAG
The HTML tag is used to override the default text direction. BDI TAG
The HTML tag is Bi-directional isolation element which is used to embed text with a different direction from another text. BGSOUND TAG
The HTML tag is used to play a soundtrack in the background. This tag is for Internet Explorer only. BIG TAG
The HTML tag increases the font size. This tag is not supported in HTML5. BLINK TAG
The HTML BLOCKQUOTE TAG
The HTML tag is used for indicating long quotations (i.e. quotations that span multiple lines). It should contain only block-level elements within it, and not just plain text.
BODY TAG
tag is used to edit your body. BR TAG
tag is used to break line.BUTTON TAG
The HTML C
CANVAS TAG
The HTML CAPTION TAG
The HTML tag is used for creating a caption for a table. There could be only one caption per table. CENTER TAG
The HTML tag is used for centering the content enclosed with this tag. This tag is depreciated. CITE TAG
The HTML tag specifies a citation. It can be defined as title of a work. CODE TAG
The HTML tag specifies computer code text.COL TAG
The HTML tag allows authors to group together attribute specifications for table columns. The does not group columns together structurally -- that is the role of the element. The elements are empty and serve only as a support for attributes. COLGROUP TAG
The HTML tag is used for specifying properties for a group of columns within a table. If you need to apply different properties to a column within a colgroup, you can use the HTML col tag within the colgroup tag. COMMENT TAG
The HTML comment tag "" allows authors to comment their HTML code. This tag is supported by IE only. It is recommended to use to comment your tags. This tag is compatible to all browsers. D
DATALIST
The HTML DD TAG
The HTML - tag is used for specifying a definition description in a definition list. A definition list is similar to other lists but in a definition list, each list item contains two entries; a term and a description.
DEL TAG
The HTML tag is used for markup of deleted text.DFN
The HTML tag specifies a definition term. DIALOG TAG
DIR TAG
The HTML tag is used for specifying a directory list. This is very similar to - tag but now this is deprecated.
DIV TAG
The HTML tag is used for defining a section of your document. With the div tag, you can group large sections of HTML elements together and format them with CSS. The difference between the div tag and the span tag is that the div tag is used with blocklevel elements whilst the span tag is used with inline elements.DL TAG
The HTML - tag is used for declaring a definition list. This tag is used within
- tag. A definition list is similar to other lists but in a definition list, each list item contains two entries; a term and a description.
DT TAG
The HTML - tag is used to define the start of a term in a definition list. A definition list is similar to other lists but in a definition list, each list item contains two entries; a term and a description.
E
EM TAG
The HTML tag formats the text in a document. It specifies emphasized text. EMBED TAG
The HTML F
FIELDSET TAG
The HTML